The technique compromises of three lights: key light, fill light and back light.
If you have one light it becomes the key light, if you have two the other is either the fill or the backlight.
The key light is the the strongest and has the most influence on the look of the scene. It is placed on one side of the camera and subject, so that this side is well lit and the other has some shadow.
The fill light is secondary and is placed on the opposite side of the key light. It is less bright than the key light and is used to fill the shadows created by the key light. this can be done by placing the fill light further away from the object. In some situations, a reflector can bu used as a fill light instead of a lamp. The will produce as softer effect.
The back light is placed behind the subject. The purpose of the back light is to provide definition and highlights around the outline of the object.
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